Antinociceptive effect of the essential oil of tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus)

Maham M, Moslemzadeh H, Jalilzadeh-Amin G
Pharmaceutical Biology, 2014


ABSTRACT:

CONTEXT:
Tarragon [Artemisia dracunculus L. (Asteraceae)] is used as a commercial flavoring and in perfumery. In traditional folk medicine, tarragon has been used for treatment of pain and gastrointestinal disturbances.

OBJECTIVE:
This study investigated the antinociceptive effect of the essential oil of A. dracunculus (EOAD) in various experimental models.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The median lethal dose (LD50) of EOAD was estimated using the method of Lorke. The antinociceptive effect was assessed using chemical (formalin and acetic acid) and thermal (hot-plate) nociceptive tests in rats and mice. In all experiments, EOAD was administered intraperitoneally at the doses of 10, 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg.

RESULTS:
In the acute toxicity test, the value of estimated LD50 for EOAD was 1250 mg/kg. EOAD (100 and 300 mg/kg) significantly reduced (p < 0.001) the pain response in the first (59.5 and 91.4%) and second (52.5 and 86.3%) phases of the formalin test, respectively. Central involvement in analgesic profile was confirmed by the hot-plate test, in which the EOAD showed a significant analgesic activity by increasing latency time. EOAD (10, 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.001) inhibited (89, 95, 97 and 97%) the nociception produced by acetic acid. Naloxone failed to antagonize the antinociceptive effect of the essential oil in the acetic acid-induced writhing test. It seems that mechanism(s) other than opioid receptors is (are) involved in the analgesic effect of EOAD.

CONCLUSIONS:
This study reported the peripheral and central antinociceptive activity of the EOAD and rationalized the traditional use of the plant in the treatment of different painful conditions.

CITATION:

Maham M, Moslemzadeh H, Jalilzadeh-Amin G. Antinociceptive effect of the essential oil of tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus). Pharm Biol. 2014;52(2):208-212.


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